In China, 3G is like a duck

A senior executive in the Chinese comms industry compared the prospects of 3G in China to one of the country’s favorite delicacies. “3G is like a duck,” he said. “It can fly, but not that high. It can run, but not that fast. It can swim underwater, but not so deep.” … Well, I chuckled, at least it’s not Beijing Duck, which means it would be dead.

This guy is one of China’s tech elites, so hearing him say this in a small, private setting was surprising if not necessarily illuminating. Most insiders know, believe or suspect that 3G is in trouble in China. According to an online survey by Sina, the largest portal in China, a mere 1.9% of 363,000 respondents said they "have an idea of what 3G really is".

So far, 3G in China has only been great for telecom equipment makers, especially ZTE and Huawei. It’s helped them increase revenue and profits during a time when the global telecom equipment market is pulling back. Moreover, in China they have snatched market share away from international rivals, such as Ericsson and Nokia-Siemens.

But the operators (and minority shareholders) are suffering under a high capex burden. Spending is expected to increase at least 25% this year. The government needs stimulus flowing through the system, and the telcos are one way to get it out there. China loves building things – big things, like expansive telecom networks.

However, now it has to sell these networks to consumers, who don't seem ready to buy. The guy with the duck joke noted that his son chewed through RMB200 in 3G fees in two days, so he had to cut him off. RMB0.01 per kilobyte is still too expensive, he noted. Others seem to agree. According to a survey by www.3g.cn, an industry website, 60% of its 15,155 respondents said current 3G pricing "was too high".

A killer application to the rescue? Not likely. At this same gathering I attended, there were quite a few chip executives. No one was pinning their hopes on a killer app to help 3G appeal to users in China, just like that hasn’t happened globally. According to the 3g.cn survey, in addition to the high price and no need to get a new handset, 17.5% of respondents said limited 3G applications was the third biggest reason why they wouldn't rush to 3G.

One of the main suppliers of TD-SCDMA chips told me he didn’t see enough activity among his clients that sell directly to the retail market in China, where most phones are bought. Instead, all the sales were going to China Mobile, not a good sign because the margins were lower and because it indicated low interest among retailers.

I believe it will take 3-5 years before 3G is widely used in China. Most of the handset users will come along by default, when the price delta between 2.5G/2.75G phones and 3G phones drops below 10-20%. At that point, it’s an easy hardware upgrade, but selling services will still be a challenge. By then, however, we may see that magical killer app, or at least enough smaller apps that in aggregate make 3G a sustainable business model.

During this transition period, the main beneficiaries are likely to be ZTE and Mediatek. ZTE gains on both the infrastructure side, and on the slow ramp in phone and data card sales. If 3G is to be successful, (especially TD-SCDMA) it will need cheaper feature phones -- the sweet spot for Mediatek.

mc

PS: Have a great weekend!

 
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